Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease that lacks pharmaceutical therapy and specific dietary recommendations. In a recent review published in the Nutrients Journal, researchers explored existing data on dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients that can help improve NAFLD and its severe health consequences.
The review focused on various dietary approaches to managing NAFLD. Among the diets discussed, the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) stood out as a promising option. The MedDiet is a plant-based diet high in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and low in red meat intake. Research has shown that individuals who follow a high-fat Western diet are more likely to develop and worsen NAFLD, while the MedDiet has been associated with improved liver health and a decreased risk of NAFLD.
Other dietary factors that were found to impact NAFLD include carbohydrate consumption, specifically refined carbs and sugars. Consuming high amounts of fructose, particularly in the form of processed foods and sugary beverages, has been linked to an increased risk of developing steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), especially in overweight and obese individuals.
Nutritional deficiencies, such as betaine, choline, folate, and vitamin B12, were also identified as factors that can promote NAFLD. On the other hand, consuming nuts, seeds, seafood, and high-fiber diets has been shown to significantly reduce the risk of developing NAFLD in males.
In addition to specific dietary components, the gut microbiota composition was highlighted as a potential influencer of NAFLD. High-fiber diets, whole grains, and legumes were found to impact the gut microbiota, which can in turn affect NAFLD development. Furthermore, dairy products containing specific probiotic strains were associated with a lower risk of NAFLD due to their ability to reduce weight and fat mass.
Micronutrients such as zinc, copper, iron, selenium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E were also implicated in NAFLD. These nutrients were found to have antioxidant, antifibrotic, immunomodulatory, and lipoprotective properties.
Based on the findings of the review, adopting a Mediterranean-style diet, along with regular exercise, limited sugar consumption, and adequate intake of fiber and coffee, may help manage NAFLD. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and potential benefits of these dietary approaches.
Overall, these findings provide valuable insights into the potential role of dietary patterns, foods, and nutrients in the amelioration of NAFLD, offering hope for individuals suffering from this prevalent liver disease.
Sources:
– (Nutrients Journal study)
